A romantikus olasz opera szerz\u0151tri\u00e1sz\u00e1nak (Bellini, Donizetti, Rossini) legterm\u00e9kenyebb \u00e9s legszerencs\u00e9sebb \u00e9let\u0171 alkot\u00f3ja volt. Vil\u00e1gh\u00edr\u00e9t 40 oper\u00e1j\u00e1val alapozta meg, melyeket hihetetlen\u00fcl r\u00f6vid id\u0151 (23 \u00e9v) alatt alkotott meg. Utols\u00f3 oper\u00e1ja ut\u00e1n k\u00f6zel n\u00e9gy \u00e9vtizedig (hal\u00e1l\u00e1ig) viszont egyetlen \u00faj sz\u00ednpadi m\u0171vel sem jelentkezett. Alkot\u00f3i energi\u00e1j\u00e1nak, inspir\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak l\u00e1tv\u00e1nyos hanyatl\u00e1sa egyar\u00e1nt izgalomban tartja \u00e9let\u00e9nek kutat\u00f3it \u00e9s a laikus k\u00f6zv\u00e9lem\u00e9nyt Kimer\u00edt\u0151 \u00e9s elfogadhat\u00f3 magyar\u00e1zat term\u00e9szetesen nem sz\u00fcletett arra a k\u00e9rd\u00e9sre: mi\u00e9rt hagyta abba Rossini a kompon\u00e1l\u00e1st. M\u00e1r a kort\u00e1rsak is tiszt\u00e1ban voltak korszakos zsenij\u00e9vel, jelent\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t a neves filoz\u00f3fus, Schopenhauer fogalmazta meg igen vil\u00e1gosan, amikor a 19. sz\u00e1zad els\u0151 \u00e9vtizedeit \u00edgy jellemezte: Beethoven \u00e9s Rossini kora. E k\u00e9t nagys\u00e1g k\u00e9t teljesen k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 zenei, m\u0171v\u00e9szi vil\u00e1got testes\u00edt meg, de egyik\u0151j\u00fck zen\u00e9je n\u00e9lk\u00fcl sem lehetne meg\u00e9rteni a zenei romantika kezdeteit.<\/p>\n
Rossini 1792. febru\u00e1r 29-\u00e9n sz\u00fcletett Pesar\u00f3ban. Kor\u00e1n elkezdett zen\u00e9t tanulni, Bologn\u00e1ban a zenei tanulm\u00e1nyok mellett m\u00e1r a v\u00e1rosi sz\u00ednh\u00e1zban is dolgozott, mint zenek\u00eds\u00e9r\u0151 \u00e9s \u00e9nekes. 1805-t\u0151l “maestro di cembalo”-k\u00e9nt t\u00f6bb t\u00e1rsulat el\u0151ad\u00e1s\u00e1ban vett r\u00e9szt. 1806-ban, m\u00e9g a bolognai l\u00edceumi \u00e9vekben kompon\u00e1lta els\u0151 oper\u00e1j\u00e1t (“Demetrio e Polibio), melyet 1812-ben, R\u00f3m\u00e1ban, sz\u00ednpadon is bemutattak. 1808-ban vizsgakant\u00e1t\u00e1val z\u00e1rta tanulm\u00e1nyait. 1810-ben egyfelvon\u00e1sos v\u00edgoper\u00e1val mutatkozott be Velenc\u00e9ben (“La cambiale di matrimonio”). Els\u0151 nagy siker\u00e9t Mil\u00e1n\u00f3ban aratta a “La pietra del paragone” c\u00edm\u0171 v\u00edgoper\u00e1val (1812). Eur\u00f3pai h\u00edrn\u00e9vre az 1813-ban \u00edrt “Tancredi”-val tett szert. 1815-ben szerz\u0151d\u00e9st k\u00f6t\u00f6tt Domenico Barbaja, sz\u00ednh\u00e1zi v\u00e1llalkoz\u00f3val \u00e9s elv\u00e1llalta a n\u00e1polyi San Carlo sz\u00ednh\u00e1z vezet\u00e9s\u00e9t, mely \u00e9vi k\u00e9t \u00faj opera meg\u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1ra is k\u00f6telezte. Rossini a n\u00e1polyi k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9gek mellett m\u00e1s v\u00e1rosok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra is kompon\u00e1lt. S\u0151t: a nem N\u00e1poly sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra \u00edrt darabok n\u00e9ha nagyobb sikert \u00e9s h\u00edrnevet hoztak sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra (pl. Sevillai borb\u00e9ly, R\u00f3ma, 1816). 1815 \u00e9s 1822 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt 19 oper\u00e1t kompon\u00e1lt, s legt\u00f6bb m\u0171ve Eur\u00f3pa legfontosabb sz\u00ednh\u00e1zaiba is eljutott. 1822-ben t\u00f6bb h\u00f3napot t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt B\u00e9csben, ahol m\u00e1r-m\u00e1r hiszt\u00e9rikus rajong\u00e1s vette k\u00f6r\u00fcl. (A legenda szerint tal\u00e1lkozott Beethovennel is.) 1823-ban kompon\u00e1lta utols\u00f3 olaszorsz\u00e1gi oper\u00e1j\u00e1t a “Semiramide”-ot, majd P\u00e1rizsba \u00e9s Londonba utazott. London hatalmas anyagi sikert is hozott sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, \u00e1m a legmagasabb francia politikai k\u00f6r\u00f6k k\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9re v\u00e9g\u00fcl P\u00e1rizsban telepedett le. Maga a francia kir\u00e1ly szerz\u0151dtette a p\u00e1rizsi olasz sz\u00ednh\u00e1z vezet\u00e9s\u00e9re, valamint tov\u00e1bbi oper\u00e1k kompon\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra. A hatalmas v\u00e1rakoz\u00e1s ellen\u00e9re Rossini munkatemp\u00f3ja a kor\u00e1bbi sz\u00e9d\u00edt\u0151 sebess\u00e9ghez k\u00e9pest alaposan visszaesett, r\u00e9gebbi m\u0171veinek bemutat\u00f3ival azonban tov\u00e1bbra is uralta a francia k\u00f6z\u00f6ns\u00e9get. N\u00e9h\u00e1ny kor\u00e1bbi m\u0171v\u00e9t alaposan \u00e1tdolgozta, (szinte \u00fajra\u00edrta) s e m\u0171vek (mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a “M\u00f3zes”) a francia nagyopera m\u0171fajteremt\u0151 darabjaiv\u00e1 v\u00e1ltak. Utols\u00f3 oper\u00e1ja a Tell Vilmos, 1829-ben mutattak be. A premier sikere ut\u00e1n r\u00f6vid id\u0151re Olaszorsz\u00e1gba utazott, majd visszat\u00e9rt P\u00e1rizsba. Tov\u00e1bbi operatervei is voltak, de egyiket sem v\u00e1ltotta val\u00f3ra. 1836-ra v\u00e9gleg meg\u00e9rlel\u0151d\u00f6tt benne az elhat\u00e1roz\u00e1s: nem \u00edr t\u00f6bb oper\u00e1t. N\u00e9h\u00e1ny kisebb egyh\u00e1zi kompoz\u00edci\u00f3n valamint a Petite Messe Solennelle-n (Kis \u00fcnnepi mise) k\u00edv\u00fcl nem \u00edrt t\u00f6bb zenem\u0171vet.<\/p>\n
1868. november 13-\u00e1n halt meg Passy-ban.<\/p>\n
Jelent\u0151sebb oper\u00e1i: La scala di seta (A selyeml\u00e9tra), 1812; L’italiana in Algeri (Az olasz n\u0151 Alg\u00edrban), 1813; Il turco in Italia (A t\u00f6r\u00f6k It\u00e1li\u00e1ban), 1814; A sevillai borb\u00e9ly, 1816; Otello, 1816; Cenerentola (Hamupip\u0151ke), 1817; La gazza ladra (A tolvaj szarka), 1817; M\u00f3zes, 1818, \u00e1tdolgozva 1827; La donna del Lago (A t\u00f3 asszonya), 1819; Le comte Ory (Ory gr\u00f3fja), 1828, Tell Vilmos, 1829.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-86642","artists","type-artists","status-publish","hentry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"en","enabled_languages":["hu","en"],"languages":{"hu":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":true,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"acf":{"old_id":"403","rovid_nev":"Gioachino Rossini","katalogus_nev":"Gioachino Rossini","kiemelt_kep":{"ID":86641,"id":86641,"title":"403_rossini","filename":"403_rossini.jpg","filesize":29360,"url":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","link":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/en\/artists\/gioachino-rossini\/403_rossini\/","alt":"","author":"1","description":"","caption":"","name":"403_rossini","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":86642,"date":"2016-09-08 07:48:57","modified":"2019-04-23 05:31:52","menu_order":0,"mime_type":"image\/jpeg","type":"image","subtype":"jpeg","icon":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-includes\/images\/media\/default.png","width":170,"height":180,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","medium-width":170,"medium-height":180,"medium_large":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","medium_large-width":170,"medium_large-height":180,"large":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","large-width":170,"large-height":180,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","1536x1536-width":170,"1536x1536-height":180,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","2048x2048-width":170,"2048x2048-height":180,"person-size":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini-165x165.jpg","person-size-width":165,"person-size-height":165,"person-size-2":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","person-size-2-width":165,"person-size-2-height":175,"album-size":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","album-size-width":170,"album-size-height":180,"news-lead-size":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","news-lead-size-width":170,"news-lead-size-height":180,"director-index-size":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","director-index-size-width":170,"director-index-size-height":180,"person-lead-size":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","person-lead-size-width":170,"person-lead-size-height":180,"slider-size":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/f\/image\/__oldsite\/muveszek\/403_rossini.jpg","slider-size-width":170,"slider-size-height":180}},"bevezeto_szoveg":"","hangszerek":"","szemely_kategoria":"{:hu}zeneszerz\u0151{:}{:en}composer{:}","oldal_megjelenes":[],"videok":false,"szolamvezeto":false,"kiemeles_menube":false,"szulesi_szabadsagon":false},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/artists\/86642","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/artists"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/artists"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.filharmonikusok.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86642"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}